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January
1st
Anthony Wayne, American general and politician (d. 1796)[102]
6th
Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier, French co-inventor of the hot air balloon (d. 1799)
9th
Caleb Strong, American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1819)
10th
Isaac Titsingh, Dutch surgeon, scholar, and diplomat (d. 1812)
23rd
William Jessop, English engineer, built the Cromford Canal (d. 1814)
February
18th
Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist, invented the battery (d. 1827)
20th
Henry James Pye, English poet and politician (d. 1813)
March
4th
Charles Dibdin, English actor, playwright, and composer (d. 1814)
1745 – Casimir Pulaski, Polish-American general (d. 1779)
10th
John Gunby, American general (d. 1807)
11th
Bodawpaya, Burmese king (d. 1819)
18th
Robert Walpole, English scholar and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1676)
25th
John Barry, American naval officer and father of the American navy (d. 1803)
27th
Lindley Murray, American-English Quaker and grammarian (d. 1826)
April
20th
Philippe Pinel, French physician and psychiatrist (d. 1826)
29th
Oliver Ellsworth, American lawyer and politician, 3rd Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1807)
May
8th
Carl Stamitz, German violinist and composer (d. 1801)
9th
Tomaso Antonio Vitali, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1663)
22nd
François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French general (b. 1671)
June
4th
8th
Caspar Wessel, Norwegian-Danish mathematician and cartographer (d. 1818)
16th
28th
– A New England colonial army captures the French fortifications at Louisbourg (New Style).
July
5th
Carl Arnold Kortum, German physician and poet (d. 1824)
9th
– French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after.
13th
Robert Calder, Scottish-English admiral (d. 1818)
26th
– The first recorded women's cricket match takes place near Guildford, England.
August
19th
1745 – Ottoman–Persian War: In the Battle of Kars, the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by Nader Shah.
– Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan: The start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45".
September
4th
Shneur Zalman, Russian rabbi, author and founder of Chabad (d. 1812)
16th
Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (d. 1813)
21st
– A Hanoverian army is defeated, in ten minutes, by the Jacobite forces of Prince Charles Edward Stuart
October
19th
Jonathan Swift, Irish satirist and essayist (b. 1667)
November
8th
Charles Edward Stuart invades England with an army of ~5000 that would later participate in the Battle of Culloden.
16th
James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, Irish general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1665)
24th
Maria Luisa of Spain (d. 1792)
December
4th
Charles Edward Stuart's army reaches Derby, its furthest point during the Second Jacobite Rising.
6th
Charles Edward Stuart's army begins retreat during the second Jacobite Rising.
8th
Étienne Fourmont, French orientalist and academic (b. 1683)
9th
Maddalena Laura Sirmen, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1818)
19th
Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (b. 1684)
23rd
John Jay, American jurist and politician, 1st Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1829)
25th
Chevalier de Saint-Georges, Caribbean-French violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1799)
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